RESEARCH ON APPLICATION TECHNOLOGY OF MODIFIED FLY ASH IN INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT

Background and Purpose: Industrial wastewater pollution poses a serious threat to ecological environments and human health, while the disposal of industrial solid waste such as fly ash remains a global challenge. Fly ash, a by-product of coal combustion, is rich in active mineral components and has significant potential for resource utilization. This study aims to systematically review the chemical composition of fly ash, its modification technologies, and its application potential in industrial wastewater treatment, with the goal of promoting low-cost and sustainable pollution control solutions. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted on the physicochemical properties of fly ash, modification methods, and adsorption mechanisms involved in wastewater treatment. Both domestic and international research progress was analyzed, focusing on technical conditions, treatment efficiency, and practical application constraints. The removal performance of modified fly ash toward various contaminants, including heavy metals, fluoride, phosphorus, and phenolic compounds, was examined. Results: The findings indicate that appropriate modification significantly enhances the adsorption capacity and selectivity of fly ash. Modified fly ash demonstrates excellent removal efficiency for multiple pollutants in industrial wastewater, while maintaining advantages of low cost, wide availability, and environmental compatibility. Conclusion: Modified fly ash represents a promising adsorbent for industrial wastewater treatment and solid waste valorization. Future research should prioritize performance optimization, large-scale application feasibility, and long-term environmental safety to support sustainable wastewater management.